Make the streusel: rub the flour, brown sugar, cinnamon, and cold butter together with your fingertips until crumbly with some pea-sized pieces. Refrigerate until needed.
Whisk the flour, sugar, baking powder, and salt together in a large bowl.
Toss the blueberries with 1 tbsp of the flour mixture in a small bowl and set aside.
In a separate bowl, whisk the oil, melted butter, eggs, milk, vanilla, and lemon zest until smooth.
Pour the wet ingredients into the dry and fold just until no dry flour remains. The batter will be lumpy — do not overmix.
Gently fold in the floured blueberries.
Fill silicone muffin cups three-quarters full. Top each with a heaped tablespoon of streusel and press lightly.
Preheat the air fryer to 320°F. Arrange 4 to 6 muffins in the basket with space between them.
Air fry for 14 to 16 minutes, until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out with a few moist crumbs. Add 2 minutes if using frozen blueberries.
Cool in the basket for 2 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. Repeat with remaining batter.