In a mixing bowl, combine blueberries, granulated sugar, lemon zest, and lemon juice. Mix until blueberries are well-coated. Set aside for 10 minutes.
In another bowl, whisk together the flour, brown sugar, baking powder, and salt. Add milk, melted butter, and vanilla extract. Stir until smooth.
Pour the blueberry mixture into a greased air fryer-safe pan or dish.
Gently pour the batter over the blueberries, spreading evenly.
Insert the pan into the air fryer. Cook at 320°F (160°C) for 20 minutes or until the top is golden brown and a toothpick comes out clean when inserted into the center of the cobbler.
Let it cool for a few minutes before serving. Best enjoyed warm with a scoop of vanilla ice cream or whipped cream.